5779 时态 - 过去完成式

    希腊文中并不常见过去完成式, 它相当于英文中的过去完成式,
    表示在过去一次动作中完成的事件. 现在完成式, 强调一个过去
    完成的一个行动, 其所产生的结果时续至今.

    不过, 过去完成式译成英文时, 并不能完全译作过去完成式,因为需要
    较多的字来表达它的意思. 在英文中, 过去完成式通常译为: 
    "He had finished."; 而现在完成式, 则译为 "He has finished.".

5779 Tense - Pluperfect

    The pluperfect tense in Greek occurs rarely.  It corresponds
    in a single Greek word to the sense of the English pluperfect,
    which indicates an event viewed as having been once and for
    all accomplished in past time.  In contrast, the perfect tense
    reflects the final completion of an action at the present
    moment described.

    In translation the Greek pluperfect may not always follow the
    rendering of the English pluperfect, due to excessive wordiness.
    The English pluperfect is normally formed with the past tense
    of the "helping" verbs "to have" or "to be," plus the past
    participle, e.g., "He had finished."   The English perfect
    is formed by the present tense of the helping verb plus the
    past participle, e.g., "He has finished."