749 archiereus {ar-khee-er-yuce'}

源於 746 和 2409; TDNT - 3:265,349; 陽性名詞

欽定本 - chief priest 64, high priest 58, chief of the priest 1; 123

1) 祭司長, 大祭司
在祭司中最大的一, 即祭司長. 他也有權行一般祭司的職分, 但其最主要的任務是在每年一度的贖罪日
時, 進入至聖所(這是其他祭司所不能進入的地方)為他自己和其他所有人的罪獻祭, 並在商議宗教上的
審判事件時主持猶太人的最高評議會(即公會). 根據摩西的律法, 只有亞倫的子孫中曾任大祭司的人的
後裔才可以擔任大祭司的職分, 而且其大祭司的身分是終身的. 但自從安提阿哥以比芬尼起, 西流基諸
王和其後希律家族的統治者及羅馬人開始干涉大祭司的任命權, 這職分即不保證授與宗教領袖的家族,
也不再是終身的; 它變成是可以用捐錢購買的, 而且是隨民政或軍事長官的喜好而可任意任命的. 
在大希律統治到聖城被毀的一百零七年間, 共有廿八個人曾擁有此宗教領袖的身分.

2) 大祭司們(或公會中的領袖), 除了任祭司長職分的那位外, 也包括所有曾任祭司長的人和雖然已經
去職, 但在這職分上仍具有相當權力的人, 甚至包括那些大祭司家族中對公眾有相當影響力的人.

3) 用以指基督, 因其獻上自己, 流血作了對神的贖罪祭, 而且已經進入天上的聖所作我們的中保

749 archiereus {ar-khee-er-yuce'}

from 746 and 2409; TDNT - 3:265,349; n m

AV - chief priest 64, high priest 58, chief of the priest 1; 123

1) chief priest, high priest

He above all others was honoured with the title of priest, the chief
of priests. It was lawful for him to perform the common duties of
the priesthood; but his chief duty was, once a year on the day of
atonement, to enter into the Holy of Holies (from which the other
priests were excluded) and offer sacrifices for his own sins and the
sins of the people, and to preside over the Sanhedrin, or Supreme
Council, when convened for judicial deliberations.  According to
Mosaic law, no one could aspire to the high priesthood unless he
were of the tribe of Aaron and descended from a high priestly
family; and he on whom the office was conferred held it till death.
But from the time of Antiochus Epiphanes, when the kings of
Seleucideae and afterwards the Herodian princes and the Romans
arrogated to themselves the power of appointing the high priests,
the office neither remained vested in the pontifical family nor was
conferred on any for life; but it became venal, and could be
transferred from one to another according to the will of civic or
military rulers. Hence it came to pass, that during the one hundred
and seven years intervening between Herod the Great and the
destruction of the holy city, twenty eight persons held the
pontifical dignity.  2) the high priests, these comprise in addition
to one holding the high priestly office, both those who had
previously discharged it and although disposed, continued to have
great power in the State, as well as the members of the families
from which high priest were created, provided that they had much
influence in public affairs.  3) Used of Christ because by
undergoing a bloody death he offered himself as an expiatory
sacrifice to God, and has entered into the heavenly sanctuary where
he continually intercedes on our behalf.